Questions · Fire detection
How much floor area does a detector cover and up to what height does it work?
With a flat ceiling and no obstacles, the reference UNE 23007-14 works with is that an optical smoke detector watches of the order of 80 m² and that no point should be more than about 7.5 m from a detector; for a heat one the area drops to about 30 m² and the distance to about 5 m. They are starting values that get corrected downwards with the height of the room, with the slope of the ceiling and with the beams.
Height is the other limit. A point smoke detector stops being reliable above about eleven or twelve metres, and a heat one much earlier, at around seven and a half, because smoke and heat dilute and stratify as they rise. Above that you have to change technology: aspirating, optical beam or flame detection.
And there are three things that break the sums more than the floor area does: beams of a certain depth, which compartmentalise the ceiling and force one detector per pocket; suspended ceilings and raised floors with cabling inside, which are another volume to watch; and the air conditioning, because a detector too close to a supply grille does not see what it has to see.
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